Visit Article Home Page.... http://www.apa-abayouthprogramsite.org/index.htm  ANATOMY INTRODUCTION Anatomy is defined as the study of the structure of the normal body parts. Physiology is the study of the functions of normal body parts. 
Why is it important to understand the functions of a chicken or turkey? The poultry raiser who is familiar with the anatomy and physiology of fowls will find it easier to recognize disease conditions when they occur in his flock. If the poultry man understands these two subjects, he will visualize more clearly the effect of disease and, thus, will be better prepared to carry out his prevention and control program.
A chicken’ s body consists of nine systems, each of which performs specific functions. These are the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, skeletal, circulatory, excretory, nervous, endocrine and muscular systems. The systems of the fowl’ s body work together to perform the fundamental processes that maintain life. Each system consists of a group of structures called organs. The organs within a system perform closely related functions: and their combined functions constitute the work of the system to which these organs belong. The heart, spleen, kidneys, liver, pancreas, gizzard, intestines, ovaries, oviduct, and lungs are some of the important organs of the body. Organs are made up of various kinds of tissues, such as bone, cartilage, muscle, epithelium, nerve, blood, and connective tissues. Tissues consist of a group of cells and their surrounding substances. The cells, which occur in various forms, are the smallest unit of life. Cells of a particular tissue all are similar in form and perform similar functions. Please refer to the following study sheets: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM RESPIRATORY SYSTEM REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OTHER SYSTEMS
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